Structural biomarker analysis of prostate cancer in mouse tissue using XRD analysis.

Summary

Recent research shows that cancer development changes the molecular structure of biological tissues in the extracellular matrix (ECM) throughout the body, particularly in the proteins, collagen, and keratin. These changes are indicated in both the tumour sample itself (liver/lung/breast) and more widely within the human/animal body. According to different theories, these alterations can be either the origin of carcinogenesis or the consequence of the tumour progression.

The ECM structure is adaptive and continuously changing (~30% change/ day). Changes due to cancer progression show earlier in the ECM than in other biomarkers. Hence, the ECM provides a unique opportunity to detect and track cancer progression at an earlier stage and monitor regression during treatment.

The mouse (Mus musculus) is considered the best animal for cancer research due to its physiological and molecular similarities with human biology, in addition to its advantages in terms of size, reproductive capacity, and lifespan.

Previous analysis has identified structural biomarkers associated with prostate cancer development. This analysis was conducted upon prostate samples generated during in vivo experimentation and utilising X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. Structural changed have also been identified in remote tissue and this project intends to extend this analysis to other tissues to further map ECM changes associated with prostate cancer development. It is intended that this project will increase understanding of prostate cancer development and ultimately develop earlier cancer diagnosis to enhance patient survival.

Objectives of the research:

To detect structural biomarkers from prostate cancer, present in liver, brain and spleen samples. Structural biomarkers will be used to develop trajectory of prostate cancer development.

Methods to be used:

Dissection of samples and mounting into sample holders. X-Ray Diffraction analysis of samples to identify structural biomarkers of disease.

Skills required of applicant:

Dissection skills, willingness to work with X-Ray equipment, data analysis, general lab skills.

Essential criteria

Applicants should hold, or expect to obtain, a First or Upper Second Class Honours Degree in a subject relevant to the proposed area of study.

We may also consider applications from those who hold equivalent qualifications, for example, a Lower Second Class Honours Degree plus a Master’s Degree with Distinction.

In exceptional circumstances, the University may consider a portfolio of evidence from applicants who have appropriate professional experience which is equivalent to the learning outcomes of an Honours degree in lieu of academic qualifications.

• Experience using research methods or other approaches relevant to the subject domain
• A comprehensive and articulate personal statement
• A demonstrable interest in the research area associated with the studentship

Desirable Criteria

If the University receives a large number of applicants for the project, the following desirable criteria may be applied to shortlist applicants for interview.

• First Class Honours (1st) Degree
• A comprehensive and articulate personal statement
• Use of personal initiative as evidenced by record of work above that normally expected at career stage.
• Applicants will be shortlisted if they have an average of 75% or greater in a first (honours) degree (or a GPA of 8.75/10). For applicants with a first degree average in the range of 70% to 74% (GPA 3.3): If they are undertaking an Masters, then the average of their first degree marks and their Masters marks will be used for shortlisting.
• Relevant professional qualification and/or a Degree in a Health or Health related area

Equal Opportunities

The University is an equal opportunities employer and welcomes applicants from all sections of the community, particularly from those with disabilities.

Appointment will be made on merit.

Funding and eligibility