Energy harvesting systems for embedded sensors in marine composites

Summary

This PhD aims to develop novel energy recovery systems to help deliver carbon zero marine transport. In conjunction with Artemis Technologies Ltd. (ATL) – a world leader in the development of electric high-speed passenger transportation [1] - you will join a vibrant group of researchers within the Advanced Future Materials and Manufacturing (AFM2) group at the School of Engineering. AFM2’s project with ATL focuses on the design & development of (i) 3D woven preforms for foiling boats, (ii) integrated sensing systems, and (iii) anti-fouling systems. An integrated approach is required across the three areas to optimise manufacturability, end-product performance, and costs, e.g., the design of a biofouling sensor and mechanisms for preventing biofouling, capable of being readily integrated into a 3D woven preforms. Given the strides in energy harvesting techniques and sustainability, it is expected that such biofouling-sensing and prevention systems would be self-powered.

The generation of static electricity, through friction (by rubbing suitable materials together) offers significant potential to produce useful electrical energy. Unlike electromagnetic induction-based generators, which are significantly larger, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have a significantly lower footprint, utilise commodity polymers, and can be developed relatively inexpensively using rapid prototyping techniques. Power generated by TENGs is expected to replace/supplement batteries and power sources for sensors and provide a solution to the bottlenecks caused by repeated charging of batteries and their eventual recycling/disposal costs [2-4]. Within the context of the proposed project, the PhD candidate will design and develop solid-liquid interfacial TENG systems converting the mechanical motion of waves into electrical power for self-powered biofouling sensors and self-activated anti-biofouling systems. Literature reports [5, 6] have shown that alternating pulsed electrical potential from such wave-driven TENGs can effectively prevent microbe adhesion and subsequent biofilm formation on surfaces via rapid changes in charge distribution.

As part of this PhD, you will be exposed to a diverse range of experimental techniques including materials preparation and characterisation, electrical evaluations, rapid prototyping, composite design, and low-power design technologies. The research plan covers a range of activities including synthesis, modelling, analysis, design, and control with results feeding into the consortium to allow scale-up within the life of the project.

Essential criteria

Applicants should hold, or expect to obtain, a First or Upper Second Class Honours Degree in a subject relevant to the proposed area of study.

We may also consider applications from those who hold equivalent qualifications, for example, a Lower Second Class Honours Degree plus a Master’s Degree with Distinction.

In exceptional circumstances, the University may consider a portfolio of evidence from applicants who have appropriate professional experience which is equivalent to the learning outcomes of an Honours degree in lieu of academic qualifications.

• Sound understanding of subject area as evidenced by a comprehensive research proposal

Desirable Criteria

If the University receives a large number of applicants for the project, the following desirable criteria may be applied to shortlist applicants for interview.

• First Class Honours (1st) Degree
• Masters at 65%
• Work experience relevant to the proposed project
• Publications - peer-reviewed

Equal Opportunities

The University is an equal opportunities employer and welcomes applicants from all sections of the community, particularly from those with disabilities.

Appointment will be made on merit.

Funding and eligibility

The University offers the following levels of support:

Department for the Economy (DFE)

The scholarship will cover tuition fees at the Home rate and a maintenance allowance of £19,237 (tbc) per annum for three years (subject to satisfactory academic performance).

This scholarship also comes with £900 per annum for three years as a research training support grant (RTSG) allocation to help support the PhD researcher.

• Candidates with pre-settled or settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme, who also satisfy a three year residency requirement in the UK prior to the start of the course for which a Studentship is held MAY receive a Studentship covering fees and maintenance.
• Republic of Ireland (ROI) nationals who satisfy three years’ residency in the UK prior to the start of the course MAY receive a Studentship covering fees and maintenance (ROI nationals don’t need to have pre-settled or settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to qualify).
• Other non-ROI EU applicants are ‘International’ are not eligible for this source of funding.
• Applicants who already hold a doctoral degree or who have been registered on a programme of research leading to the award of a doctoral degree on a full-time basis for more than one year (or part-time equivalent) are NOT eligible to apply for an award.

Due consideration should be given to financing your studies. Further information on cost of living